Endoret® PRGF – Molecular Precision in Reproductive Medicine

Endoret® PRGF by BTI represents a second-generation platelet-rich plasma (PRP) system, designed to deliver therapeutic benefits through scientific accuracy. Unlike conventional PRP formulations, Endoret® is leukocyte-free, activated with calcium chloride, and meticulously calibrated for the regenerative needs of reproductive tissues. 

Let’s delve into how Endoret® PRGF achieves tissue repair and regeneration at the molecular and cellular level. 

Molecular Composition of Endoret® PRGF 

• Platelets: Enriched, but not excessively concentrated—typically 2 to 3 times the baseline level, which is optimal for therapeutic activity. 

• Growth Factors: Abundant α-granule-derived cytokines released upon controlled activation. 

• Leukocytes: Entirely absent, thereby reducing inflammation and minimising cytotoxic effects. 

• Activation Method: Calcium chloride (CaCl₂) is used to promote gradual and physiological platelet degranulation. 

Key Growth Factors & Their Molecular Mechanisms 

• Platelet-Derived Growth Factor (PDGF) PDGF exists in AA, AB, and BB isoforms and primarily interacts with PDGFR-α and PDGFR-β receptors on target cells. This activates two crucial intracellular signalling pathways—PI3K/AKT and MAPK. These pathways drive fibroblast migration, collagen synthesis, and angiogenesis—processes essential for tissue repair and vascular remodelling. 
  

• Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor (VEGF) VEGF signals predominantly via the VEGFR2 receptor (also known as KDR). Upon binding, this receptor activates the MAPK and PLCγ pathways, leading to endothelial cell proliferation, enhanced vascular permeability, and new blood vessel formation. VEGF plays a pivotal role in restoring the microvasculature of the endometrium and ovaries. 
  

• Epidermal Growth Factor (EGF) EGF acts through the EGFR receptor, stimulating the Ras/Raf/MEK/ERK signalling cascade. This promotes epithelial cell proliferation and supports endometrial regeneration—enhancing the uterine lining’s receptivity to embryo implantation. 
  

• Transforming Growth Factor Beta 1 (TGF-β1) TGF-β1 binds to its receptors (TGFBR1 and TGFBR2), initiating the SMAD2/3 signalling pathway. The result is a modulated immune response, balanced fibrotic activity, and controlled tissue remodelling—critical for maintaining a receptive endometrial environment without excessive scarring. 
  

• Insulin-like Growth Factor 1 (IGF-1) IGF-1 binds to the IGF1 receptor (IGF1R), triggering the PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway. This leads to improved cellular survival, increased protein synthesis, and metabolic support. These functions are particularly relevant for sustaining follicular health and meeting the high energy demands of endometrial cells during embryo implantation. 

By eliminating inflammatory elements and precisely harnessing biologically active molecules, Endoret® PRGF delivers targeted regenerative effects tailored to reproductive medicine. Its scientifically validated molecular profile sets a new standard for PRP-based therapies aimed at enhancing fertility outcomes. 

Targeted Tissue Effects 

Tissue	Effect of Endoret® PRGF
Endometrium	Enhanced angiogenesis, epithelial growth, stromal regeneration
Ovary	Local IGF and EGF effects on follicular microenvironment and granulosa cells
Uterine Vasculature	Improved perfusion and oxygenation via VEGF-driven capillary growth
Immune Modulation	Reduction of pro-inflammatory cytokines (TNF-α, IL-1β)

Why BTI’s Protocols Matter 

BTI’s proprietary protocols define not just what to inject but also when, how often, and in which phase of the cycle, ensuring optimal synchrony with: 

• Endometrial development 

• Follicular growth 

• Embryo transfer timing 
  

This level of detail is what makes Endoret® PRGF a molecularly informed fertility intervention, not just a blood-derived therapy.